Association Between Overweight and Obesity and Risk of Clinically Diagnosed Knee, Hip, and Hand Osteoarthritis

Objective. Studies of previous cohorts have demonstrated an association between a status of overweight/ obesity and the presence of knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA). However, no data on the effect of these factors on the OA burden are available. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of being overweight or obese on the incidence of routinely diagnosed knee, hip, and hand OA. Methods. The study was conducted in a population-based cohort using primary care records from the Sistema d’Informaci o per al Desenvolupament de l’Investigaci o en Atenci o Prim aria database (>5.5 million subjects, covering >80% of the population of Catalonia, Spain). Participants were subjects ages ‡40 years who were without a diagnosis of OA on January 1, 2006 and had available body mass index (BMI) data. All subjects were followed up from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 or to the time of loss to follow-up or death. Measures included the World Health Organization categories of BMI (exposure), and incident clinical diagnoses of knee, hip, or hand OA according to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. Results. In total, 1,764,061 subjects were observed for a median follow-up period of 4.45 years (interquartile range 4.19–4.98 years). Incidence rates (per 1,000 person-years at risk) of knee, hip, and hand OA were 3.7 (99% confidence interval [99% CI] 3.6–3.8), Supported by the IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute (4R15/-15), the Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, and the MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit Southampton. Carlen Reyes, MD, PhD: GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Aut onoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Kirsten M. Leyland, DPhil: Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; George Peat, PhD, MCSP: Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK; Cyrus Cooper, MA, DM, FRCP, FFPH, FMedSci: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, and Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nigel K. Arden, MBBS, FRCP, MSc, MD: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, and Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, MD, PhD: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Aut onoma de Barcelona, RETICEF, IMIM Research Foundation, Parc de Salut Mar, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain. Dr. Cooper has received consulting fees, speaking fees, and/ or honoraria from the Alliance for Better Bone Health, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Servier, Takeda, and UCB (less than $10,000 each). Dr. Arden has received consulting fees and/or speaking fees from Flexion, Lilly, Merck, QMed, Roche, Smith & Nephew, Amgen, GlaxoSmithKline, and Nicox (less than $10,000 each) and has received grants from Novartis, Pfizer, Schering-Plough, and Servier. Dr. Prieto-Alhambra has received unrestricted research grants from Bioiberica S.A. and Amgen Spain. Address correspondence to Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, MD, PhD, Botnar Research Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedics Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK. E-mail: [email protected]. Submitted for publication September 18, 2015; accepted in revised form March 29, 2016.